本帖最後由 dkcapital 於 2015-2-17 13:35 編輯
警告覺醒不要再偷我的文章﹐如果你不注名出處﹐就是盜文。
無視他人辛勞﹐盜文據為己有﹐就是無恥﹐不配以覺醒自居。
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各位﹐這是西方媒體BBC的報導﹐不是RT的 ~
BBC記者找到槍手的採訪 - 是蓄意製造的暴力
你所不知道的"麥丹"廣場屠殺事件
The untold story of the Maidan massacre
By Gabriel Gatehouse BBC News
http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-31359021 11 February 2015
一年前在烏克蘭麥丹廣場的血腥殺戮﹐超過50以上的示威者及3名警察死亡﹐導致雅努科維奇下臺﹐逃亡國外。但是這槍擊是如何開始的﹖示威組織者一直否認他們有涉入此事 - 但是有一個人告訴了BBC不同的故事。
A day of bloodshed on Kiev's main square, nearly a year ago, marked the end of a winter of protest against the government of president Viktor Yanukovych, who soon afterwards fled the country. More than 50 protesters and three policemen died. But how did the shooting begin? Protest organisers have always denied any involvement - but one man told the BBC a different story.
在2014/02/20早上﹐基輔麥丹廣場被分成兩邊﹐一邊是鎮暴警察﹐示威抗議者在另一邊。
It's early in the morning, 20 February, 2014. Kiev's Maidan square is divided - on one side the riot police, the protesters on the other.
這示威已經進行了超過兩個月了﹐但在當天結束前﹐有超過50人以上的抗議者會死亡﹐他們中很多人會被安全部隊射殺在街上。
This has been going on for more than two months now. But events are about to come to a head. By the end of the day, more than 50 people will be dead, many of them gunned down in the street by security forces.
這暴力將會導致親俄的雅努科維奇總統下臺﹐莫斯科將會說2/20那天是武裝暴動﹐以此來把侵佔克里米亞及支持東烏叛軍合理化。
The violence will lead to the downfall of Ukraine's pro-Russian president, Viktor Yanukovych. Moscow will call 20 February an armed coup, and use it to justify the annexation of Crimea and support for separatists in Eastern Ukraine.
抗議者的領袖們﹐有益些現在在新政府裡掌權﹐堅持說由前政府管轄的安全部隊﹐要為槍擊事件負全責。
The protest leaders, some of whom now hold positions of power in the new Ukraine, insist full responsibility for the shootings lies with the security forces, acting on behalf of the previous government.
但是1年過去了﹐一些證人開始描述了不同的畫面。
But one year on, some witnesses are beginning to paint a different picture.
(影片3’48“)
【我沒有射死人"I didn't shoot to kill"】
"我向下射擊他們的腳"這個我們叫"Sergei瑟給"(化名)的人說。他告訴我﹐他在廣場西南角上的音樂學院Conservatory﹐就射擊位置。
"I was shooting downwards at their feet," says a man we will call Sergei, who tells me he took up position in the Kiev Conservatory, a music academy on the south-west corner of the square.
"當然﹐我可以射擊他們的肩膀或任何地方﹐但是我沒有射死人"
"Of course, I could have hit them in the arm or anywhere. But I didn't shoot to kill."
瑟給他經常在廣場上抗議已超過一個月﹐他在一個地下商場的屋頂上﹐向廣場上的警察射擊﹐使他們撤退。
Sergei says he had been a regular protester on the Maidan for more than a month, and that his shots at police on the square and on the roof of an underground shopping mall, caused them to retreat.
在事件兩天前2/18已經有槍擊﹐ 19日是星期三﹐比較安靜了。瑟給說當晚他被安排與一個人碰面﹐那人給了他兩支槍選﹐12口徑的獵槍(散彈槍)﹐及一把發射高威力子彈的Saiga來福槍。
There had been shooting two days earlier, on 18 February. The 19th, a Wednesday, had been quieter, but in the evening, Sergei says, he was put in contact with a man who offered him two guns: one a 12-gauge shotgun, the other a hunting rifle, a Saiga that fired high-velocity rounds.
他選了那把來福槍﹐藏放在Conservatory音樂學院旁﹐數碼外的郵政大樓﹐這兩棟建築都在示威者的控制之下。
He chose the latter, he says, and stashed it in the Post Office building, a few yards from the Conservatory. Both buildings were under the control of the protesters.
在遭攻擊後﹐警察從廣場撤退到﹐烏克蘭旅館北邊的街道。
Under attack, the police retreated from their position near the front line in the square, falling back along the street on the north side of Hotel Ukraine.
示威者向警方前進﹐受到撤退警方及附近大樓的狙擊手槍擊。
Protesters then advanced towards the police, where they were shot by retreating security forces and snipers from surrounding buildings.
超過50人以上被殺﹐是麥丹廣場上雙方衝擊的最高死亡數。
More than 50 people were killed, the heaviest death toll of the clashes between protesters and security forces in the Maidan.
瑟給說﹐在槍擊當日清早﹐他被護送到Convatory音樂學院﹐呆了20分鐘﹐在早上7點開始向警察射擊﹐與他同在一起的﹐還有另一個槍手。
When the shooting started early on the morning of the 20th, Sergei says, he was escorted to the Conservatory, and spent some 20 minutes before 07:00 firing on police, alongside a second gunman.
【槍手與廣場議員說法相呼應】
他的部分說法與其它證人相吻合﹐那天早上﹐一位反對黨的﹐也是廣場上抗議一員的﹐國會議員 Andriy Shevchenko 安垂.謝夫成科﹐那時接到廣場上指揮鎮暴警察的領導的電話。
His account is partially corroborated by other witnesses. That morning, Andriy Shevchenko, then an opposition MP and part of the Maidan movement, had received a phone call from the head of the riot police on the square.
他打電話給我說 "安垂﹐有人在向我的人射擊"﹐ 他說那射擊是從Conservatory音樂學院而來。
"He calls me and says, 'Andriy, somebody is shooting at my guys.' And he said that the shooting was from the Conservatory."
謝夫成科聯絡了示威者的安全負責人﹐為人所知的廣場指揮官Andriy Parubiy 安垂.帕汝比。
Shevchenko contacted the man in charge of security for the protesters, Andriy Parubiy, known as the Commandant of the Maidan.
帕汝比說"我派了我最好的一些人去徹底搜索了音樂學院建築﹐看有沒有人在那射擊"
"I sent a group of my best men to go through the entire Conservatory building and determine whether there were any firing positions," Parubiy says.
而同時﹐謝夫成科收到了更多慌亂的電話。
Meanwhile the MP, Andriy Shevchenko, was getting increasingly panicked phone calls.
"我繼續接到警方的電話﹐說 '我有3人受傷﹐我有人受傷﹐我有一人死亡'﹐到某個關頭﹐他說 '我要撤出了'﹐他說 '安垂﹐我不知道後面將會發生什麼事'﹐但我清楚感覺到﹐很壞的事情將會發生"
"I kept getting calls from the police officer, who said: 'I have three people wounded, I have five people wounded, I have one person dead.' And at some point he says, 'I am pulling out.' And he says, 'Andriy I do not know what will be next.' But I clearly felt that something really bad was about to happen."
昔示威者廣場指揮官安垂.帕汝比﹐現在是烏克蘭國會副發言人﹐說他的人在音樂學院建築裡沒有發現槍手。
Andriy Parubiy, now deputy speaker of the Ukrainian parliament, says his men found no gunmen in the Conservatory building.
但是有位攝影記者﹐當日稍後進入了音樂學院建築 - 約在8時後 - 拍到了槍手的照片﹐雖然他未眼見他們開火。
But a photographer who gained access to the Conservatory later in the morning - shortly after 08:00 - took pictures there of men with guns, although he did not see them fire.
(影片2'06")
瑟給的說法也與帕汝比(示威者廣場指揮官)不同。
Sergei's account also differs from Parubiy's.
"我當時正在重新裝子彈"他說﹐"他們跑向我﹐有一位用腳檔著我說 '他們有事要跟你說'﹐一切OK﹐但停下你現在在做的事"
"I was just reloading," he told me. "They ran up to me and one put his foot on top of me, and said, 'They want a word with you, everything is OK, but stop doing what you're doing."
瑟給說﹐他雖然他不能認出他的臉﹐但確信那把他帶走的人﹐是帕汝比(示威者廣場指揮官)安全單位的人。他被護送到建築外﹐用車載離基輔﹐然後離開讓他自己回家。
Sergei says he is convinced the men who dragged him away were from Parubiy's security unit, though he didn't recognise their faces. He was escorted out of the Conservatory building, taken out of Kiev by car, and left to make his own way home.
到那時候﹐已經有3位警察受了致命傷﹐對示威者的大規模殺害也已經開始。
By that time three policemen had been fatally wounded and the mass killings of protesters had begun.
【新政府的調查】
基輔的官方調查集中在以後發生的事 - 在警方撤出廣場後﹐在影片裡﹐可以清楚的看到他們邊撤退邊射擊。
Kiev's official investigation has focused on what happened afterwards - after the riot police began to retreat from the square. In video footage, they are clearly seen firing towards protesters as they pull back.
只有3人被捕﹐都是鎮暴警察的特別小組﹐3人中兩位低階的警察仍在監禁﹐而這單位的指揮官﹐Dmitry Sadovnik﹐被准予保釋﹐現在消失了。
Only three people have been arrested, all of them members of a special unit of riot police. And of these three, only two - the lower-ranking officers - remain in custody. The unit's commanding officer, Dmitry Sadovnik, was granted bail and has now disappeared.
這3位警察被指控說造成39死﹐但至少還有其它十幾位示威者被殺﹐及3位槍傷致死的警察呢﹖
The three policemen are accused of causing 39 deaths. But at least a further dozen protestors were killed - and the three policemen who died of their wounds.
有些死者幾乎可以確定﹐是被圍繞著廣場的建築高處﹐的狙擊手槍殺。
Some of the dead were almost certainly shot by snipers, who seemed to be shooting from some of the taller buildings surrounding the square.
死者的律師及總檢察長辦公室告訴BBC說﹐當調查那些不可能被鎮暴警察槍殺的死亡時﹐他們的努力被法院封鎖。
Lawyers for the victims and sources in the general prosecutor's office have told the BBC that when it comes to investigating deaths that could not have been caused by the riot police, they have found their efforts blocked by the courts.
"如果你認為在雅努科維奇時代(前總統)﹐像是百幕達三角般﹐檢察長辦公室﹐警察與法院(三位一體)"謝夫成科說"大家都知道他們是互相合作﹐互相掩護﹐這也是這個國家大量腐敗的基礎﹐這(腐敗)關係(現在)依然存在"
"If you think of Yanukovych's time, it was like a Bermuda triangle: the prosecutor's office, the police and the courts," says Andriy Shevchenko. "Everyone knew that they co-operated, they covered each other and that was the basis of the massive corruption in the country. Those connections still exists."
烏克蘭總檢察長Vitaly Yarema﹐因著嚴厲批評﹐他對這調查事件的處理方式﹐於本星期下臺。
Ukraine's Prosecutor General, Vitaly Yarema, was dismissed this week, amid harsh criticism of his handling of the investigation.
【陰謀論】
在同時﹐陰謀論說法也在滋生。
Meanwhile, conspiracy theories flourish.
示威者廣場指揮官安垂.帕汝比﹐現烏克蘭國會副發言人說﹐"我確信2/20狙擊手的槍擊是從俄國來的﹐由俄國所控制。"
"I'm certain that the shootings of the 20th were carried out by snipers who arrived from Russia and who were controlled by Russia," says Andriy Parubiy, the former Commandant of the Maidan.
"這些槍手在買單廣場製造血洗事件"
"The shooters were aiming to orchestrate a bloodbath on Maidan."
在烏克蘭這是廣信的說法。在俄國﹐許多人認為相反 - 廣場起義是西方製造的陰謀﹐一個中情局製造的政變﹐用意是把烏克蘭拉離俄國的圈子。雙方都未能提出讓人信服的證據﹐來支持他們的說法。
This is a widely-held belief in Ukraine. In Russia, many believe the opposite - that the revolt on Maidan was a Western conspiracy, a CIA-inspired coup designed to pull Ukraine out of Moscow's orbit. Neither side offers convincing evidence for its assertion.
絕大多數的麥丹廣場示威者是和平的﹐無武裝的老百姓﹐他們(在廣場上)勇敢的對抗嚴寒數月﹐要求腐敗的政府改變。就目前所知﹐所有2/20被殺的示威者都沒有武器。
The overwhelming majority of the protesters on Maidan were peaceful, unarmed citizens, who braved months of bitter cold to demand a change to their corrupt government. As far as is known, all the protesters killed on 20 February were unarmed.
麥丹領導者總是盡他們最大的努力﹐把槍支排除在廣場外。
The leaders of the Maidan have always maintained they did their best to keep guns away from the square.
"我們知道我們的力量是不用武力﹐如果我們開始使用武器﹐那就是我們的弱點" 謝夫成科說。
"We knew that our strength was not to use force, and our weakness would be if we start shooting," says Andriy Shevchenko.
帕汝比說有可能是少數有武器的示威者來到麥丹﹐沒組織的﹐自發的﹐對安全部隊向人民施予暴力的反應。
Parubiy says it is possible that a handful of protesters with weapons may have come to the Maidan as part of a spontaneous, unorganised response to violence from the security forces in the days running up to 20 February.
"我有聽說﹐在2/18槍擊後﹐有些人帶著獵槍來到麥丹。有人告訴我說他們是2/18槍擊死者的親友。我承認這是有可能﹐當狙擊手開始殺害我們的人﹐一個接一個﹐我能想像那些有獵槍的人會開火反擊。"(帕汝比)
"I did hear that, after the shootings on 18 February, there were guys who came to Maidan with hunting rifles. I was told that sometimes they were the relatives or parents of those people who were killed on the 18th. So I concede that it's possible there were people with hunting rifles on Maidan. When the snipers began to kill our guys, one after another, I can imagine that those with the hunting rifles returned fire."
(若前瑟給所言屬實﹐反而是帕汝比嫌疑最大 - 自導自演槍擊事件)
【槍手自白】
我不覺得光榮。開槍很容易。事後活著﹐才是困難的事。但是你必須保護你的國家。瑟給 Convatory音樂學院槍手之一﹐在匿名的條件下告訴BBC。
I have nothing to be proud of. It’s easy to shoot. Living afterwards, that’s the hard thing. But you have to protect your country. Sergei, one of the Conservatory gunmen who spoke to the BBC on the condition of anonymity
他再度說了不一樣的故事。他說在1月底他被吸收﹐作為潛在的槍手﹐是被一位退休的軍官﹐而他本人以前曾是軍人。
Sergei, again, tells a different story. He says he was recruited as a potential shooter in late-January, by a man he describes only as a retired military officer. Sergei himself was a former soldier.
我們聊天﹐然後他把我納入他旗下。他從我身上看出了一些關連。軍管就像是心理學家﹐他們能看出誰有能力。他與我保持接近。
"We got chatting, and he took me under his wing. He saw something in me that he liked. Officers are like psychologists, they can see who is capable. He kept me close."
這前軍官勸退他﹐不要參加任何麥丹廣場上的任何軍事團體。
The former officer dissuaded him from joining any of the more militant groups active on the Maidan.
"你的時機會到來" 他說
"'Your time will come,' he said."
是否他心裡上被做好準備﹐拿起武器﹖
Was he being prepared, psychologically, to take up arms?
"不是像我們座談然後研究出一個計劃那樣。但是我們私下談論它﹐然後他把我為這事準備好"
"Not that we sat down and worked out a plan. But we talked about it privately and he prepared me for it."
不清楚這吸收瑟給的人是誰﹐或是這人屬於任何廣場上的活躍團體。
It is not clear who the man who apparently recruited Sergei was, or whether he belonged to any of the recognised groups active on the Maidan.
仍然還有更多未知﹐例如是誰開來2/20的第一槍﹖
And there is much else that we still do not know, such as who fired the first shots on 20 February.
至於陰謀論﹐有可能瑟給是被操控了﹐在一場更大的遊戲中的棋子。但他不這樣認為。他說﹐他只是一個單純的抗議者﹐拿起武器來自衛。
As for conspiracy theories, it is possible that Sergei was manipulated, played like a pawn in a bigger game. But that is not the way he sees it. He was a simple protester, he says, who took up arms in self-defence.
我不想要射任何人或殺任何人。但是狀況就是那樣。我不覺得是某類的英雄。相反的:我失眠﹐壞兆頭。我試著控制好自己﹐但我終日緊張。我不覺得光榮。開槍很容易。事後活著﹐那才是困難的事情。但是你必須保衛你的國家。
"I didn't want to shoot anyone or kill anyone. But that was the situation. I don't feel like some kind of hero. The opposite: I have trouble sleeping, bad premonitions. I'm trying to control myself. But I just get nervous all the time. I have nothing to be proud of. It's easy to shoot. Living afterwards, that's the hard thing. But you have to defend your country."
* Maidan(廣場)譯為"賣丹"﹐Sergei譯為"瑟給"﹐與原發音最接近。
* BBC為西方媒體﹐在西媒口徑一致的圍剿俄國之際﹐此不配合口徑的報導能夠見光﹐實屬不易。其餘西媒對此新聞都淡化處理。
* 在基輔射殺抗議者及警察的狙擊手據稱是廣場領袖所僱用﹐根據泄露出的歐盟外交部長凱撒琳.艾胥頓與愛沙尼亞外交部長(Urmas Paet) 的電話談話﹐已浮現在網上。(見帖16)
【同報導的 其它新聞及影片參考】
BBC airs Maidan fighter admitting he fired on police before Kiev massacre
http://rt.com/news/231775-bbc-maidan-shooting-started/ February 12, 2015
Ukraine Maidan deaths: Who fired shots?
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-31435719 12 February 2015
Ukraine: The Untold Story of the Maidan Killings
http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p02jcrf3
Ukraine: Snipers target police in Independence Square
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n2PTeUBCPAQ Feb 20, 2014 |
